Metformin

A biguanide medication that helps control blood sugar levels by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improving the body's sensitivity to insulin.

Pioglitazone

A thiazolidinedione (tzd) medication that helps improve insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose uptake in muscle cells and decreasing glucose production in the liver.

Teneligliptin

A dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (dpp-4) inhibitor that increases insulin levels by slowing down the breakdown of incretin hormones, which stimulate insulin release.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) when diet and exercise alone are not enough to control blood sugar levels.

May be used in combination with other diabetes medications, such as insulin.

This medication combination works by targeting multiple pathways involved in blood sugar regulation. Metformin reduces glucose production in the liver and enhances insulin sensitivity. Pioglitazone improves insulin sensitivity by increasing glucose uptake in muscles and decreasing glucose production in the liver. Teneligliptin increases insulin release by inhibiting the breakdown of incretin hormones. By acting on these different pathways, this combination helps to control blood sugar levels effectively.

Store the medication at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.

Dosage is determined by your doctor based on your individual needs and response to treatment.

This medication is typically taken orally once a day, with or without food.

Follow your doctor's instructions carefully and do not change your dosage or stop taking the medication without consulting your doctor.

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss.

Less common side effects include headache, dizziness, muscle pain, and joint pain.

Rare but serious side effects include lactic acidosis (a buildup of lactic acid in the blood), heart failure, and liver problems.

Alcohol Consumption

Avoid excessive alcohol consumption as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis.



While Driving or operating Machinery

This medication may cause dizziness or lightheadedness. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this medication affects you.



Pregnant & Breastfeeding Women

This medication is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women. Consult your doctor about alternative treatment options.



Children

This medication is not approved for use in children.



Kidney

Patients with kidney problems may require dosage adjustments or close monitoring.



Liver

Patients with liver problems may need to avoid this medication or require close monitoring.

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-2-diabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355217

https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-drug-safety-communication-fda-requests-manufacturers-metformin-medications-conduct-new-safety-studies

https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/treatment-care/medications