Hydroxyethyl Starch

Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is a synthetic, modified starch derived from maize or potato starch.It is a type of colloid solution used to increase blood volume and improve blood circulation.HES is available in different molecular weights and concentrations, affecting its properties and uses.

HES is used to treat hypovolemia (low blood volume) in various conditions, including:

Severe blood loss from trauma or surgery

Sepsis (blood infection)

Burns

Acute pancreatitis

Cardiac surgery

It is also used as a volume expander during surgery or in critical care settings.

HES works by expanding the blood volume, effectively increasing the fluid component of the blood. This improves blood circulation and helps maintain blood pressure. It achieves this by drawing fluid from the surrounding tissues into the bloodstream.

HES solutions should be stored at room temperature, protected from light. Once a bag is opened, it should be used immediately and any unused portion discarded. Do not freeze HES solutions.

The dosage of HES varies depending on the patient's condition, weight, and the severity of their hypovolemia.

HES is typically administered intravenously (into a vein) by a healthcare professional.

The infusion rate and total volume administered are adjusted based on the patient's response and the medical professional's judgment.

Common side effects of HES may include:

Rarely, HES can cause more serious side effects, such as:

Flushing

Headache

Nausea

Vomiting

Chills

Fever

Bleeding

Kidney problems

Coagulation disorders (problems with blood clotting)

Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction)

Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol consumption may increase the risk of side effects from HES. Consult your doctor about alcohol intake.



While Driving or operating Machinery

HES may cause drowsiness or dizziness. Avoid driving or operating machinery if you experience these effects.



Pregnant & Breastfeeding Women

The safety of HES during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not fully established. Consult your doctor before using HES if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.



Children

HES is not recommended for use in children unless absolutely necessary and under the close monitoring of a medical professional.



Kidney

HES can potentially affect kidney function, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney problems. Close monitoring of kidney function is essential.



Liver

HES can affect liver function in some cases. Liver function tests should be performed regularly during HES therapy.

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP)