Isoniazid

An antibiotic that specifically targets mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis (tb).

Rifampicin

Another antibiotic effective against various bacteria, including m. tuberculosis. it works by inhibiting bacterial rna synthesis.

Treatment of tuberculosis (TB), both active and latent forms.

Prophylaxis (prevention) of TB in individuals exposed to the disease, particularly those with a high risk of infection.

Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids, essential components of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall. Rifampicin inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing the synthesis of messenger RNA and thereby inhibiting protein synthesis, ultimately leading to bacterial death. The combination of these two drugs provides a synergistic effect, enhancing their efficacy and reducing the risk of resistance development.

Store in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not use after the expiry date.

Dosage is determined by the physician based on the patient's age, weight, and the specific type of TB infection.

The medication is typically administered orally, usually once daily.

The exact duration of treatment varies depending on the type and severity of the infection; it can range from several months to a year or more.

Nausea

Vomiting

Diarrhea

Abdominal pain

Loss of appetite

Fatigue

Headache

Dizziness

Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)

Dark urine

Liver damage (rare but serious)

Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

Alcohol Consumption

Alcohol consumption should be avoided or significantly reduced while taking this medication, as it can increase the risk of liver damage.



While Driving or operating Machinery

May cause dizziness or drowsiness. Avoid driving or operating machinery if affected.



Pregnant & Breastfeeding Women

Use only as prescribed by a doctor; may affect the developing fetus or infant. Discuss the risks and benefits with your physician.



Children

Dosage and monitoring are adjusted based on age and weight. Consult a pediatrician.



Kidney

Kidney impairment may require dosage adjustment. Inform your doctor about any kidney problems.



Liver

Liver function tests are routinely monitored during treatment due to the potential for liver toxicity. Report any signs of liver problems immediately.

Your physician or pharmacist

The package insert of your specific medication

Reputable medical websites and journals (e.g., CDC, WHO)